Sub-chronic Oral Toxicity Assessment of Opaeyin in Albino Wistar Rats
Keywords:
Biochemical, Haematological, Opaeyin, Herbal remedy, Wistar albino rats, Erectile dysfunctionAbstract
Opaeyin, popularly known as manpower is a formulated herbal product mostly used to manage erectile dysfunction in South Western Nigeria. However, there is no scientific evidence regarding its safety with long-term use, hence, this work evaluated 28-day sub-chronic oral toxicity in the haematological parameters and hepato-renal tissues of albino Wistar rats. In sub-chronic toxicity, twenty (20) male albino Wistar rats were assigned to 4 groups (n=5). The first group received 0.4 ml/kg of normal saline and served as control, while the 2nd ,3rd and 4th groups received graded doses of Opaeyin (0.20, 0.40 and 0.80 ml/kg respectively). The treatments were given orally and daily for 28 days. At the end of the experiment (29th day), the animals were anaesthetized to obtain blood samples and organs for haematological, biochemical and histological evaluations. There was a dose dependent decrease in haematocrit, haemoglobin and red blood cell count due to oral administration of graded doses of Opaeyin, no significant (p < 0.05) changes were observed in the white blood cell count. Oral administration of Opaeyin produced a dose dependent increase in the activities of serum alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine amino transaminase. Oral administration of the high dose Opaeyin led to a significant increase (p <0.05) in serum creatinine of the experimental animals. Prolonged oral administration of Opaeyin in high doses caused vascular congestion in both the hepatic and renal tissues. In conclusion, the study suggests that prolonged use of Opaeyin especially higher doses may result in haematological abnormalities and hepato-renal toxicity.
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