Influence of Zn2+ and Mg2+ on Some Kinetic Parameters of Alkaline Phosphatase in Agba River Water
Abstract
The level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in fresh water body was investigated using filtered and unfiltered Agba River water to assess the level of contamination and the role of cofactors-containing effluents in the degree of acceptable quality of Agba River water. Alkaline phosphatase catalyses phosphorous recycling, which is important for zooplankton and phytoplankton growth. The activity of alkaline phosphatase in water can be used to determine if there is pollution in the water or not. Higher activity of alkaline phosphatase was observed in unfiltered Agba River when compared to the filtered sample and this may be as a result of pollution by phosphoesters or due to the presence of both bound and free forms of the enzyme. The influence of increase in concentration of zinc and magnesium ions on the kinetic parameters (Km and Vmax) of unfiltered and filtered Agba River alkaline phosphatase was also determined. Zn2+ had a higher stimulatory effect (with Vmax of 0.50-5.00 nmol/min for unfiltered and 0.43-2.00 nmol/min for filtered sample) on the enzyme rate of reaction when compared to that of Mg2+ (with Vmax of 0.63-2.50 nmol/min for unfiltered and 0.22-0.71nmol/min for filtered sample) as depicted by the increase in Vmax as the concentration of Mg2+ and Zn2+ increased. The Km values decreased as the concentration of Zn2+ and Mg2+ increased. The presence of ALP in Agba River may serve as a means by which water pollution, through phosphorus contaminants like detergents, fertilizers and animal wastes from homes and industries, can be reduced.
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