Biochemical, Haematological and Growth Responses of a Catfish, Heterobranchus longifilis (Valenciennes 1840) Exposed to Monocrotophos
Abstract
Toxicological effects of monocrotophos (MCP) on some haematological, biochemical and growth parameters of Heterobranchus longifilis were investigated using static renewal bioassay. Based on the result of presumptive test, fish were exposed to both acute concentrations (0.00, 0.67, 0.72, 0.77, 0.82, 0.87μg/l) and sub-lethal concentrations (0.00, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35μg/l) for 96 h and 28 days respectively. Fishes were sacrificed at the end of each exposure period for haematological, biochemical and growth analyses. In both the lethal and sub-lethal exposures, the physicochemical properties (biological oxygen demand, pH and temperature) of the water were within the NESREA Standard whereas the conductivity and dissolved oxygen were higher than the NESREA Standards. The 96 h LC50 of MCP to H. longifilis was 0.69μg/l. During acute and sub-lethal treatments, there were significant increases (P < 0.05) in the levels of white blood cell (WBC), serum glucose, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) when compared to the control, whereas the red blood cell (RBC), haemoglobin (HB), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) significantly decreased but with indefinite pattern of effect on lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. In both the acute and sub-lethal exposure studies, activities of SOD and LDH in gills and liver increased significantly compared to the control, while ALT and AST decreased significantly. LDH decreased in the liver during acute exposure, Growth significantly reduced with increasing MCP concentrations. These findings showed that exposure to monocrotophos caused haematological
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