Determination of Bioactive Components and Pharmacological Potential of Ethanol Extract of Lannea egregia Shoot
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4314/njbmb.v40i1.14Keywords:
Lannea egregia, Ethanol extract, Bioactive compound, Antioxidant, CytotoxicityAbstract
Lannea egregia, a plant species with a rich ethnobotanical history, has garnered significant interest due to its diverse array of bioactive components. This study investigated the pharmacological potential of bioactive components derived from L. egregia shoot extracts. The ethanol extract of L. egregia shoot (EELES) was studied for secondary metabolites using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Subsequently, the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of EELES was determined. The cytotoxicity of the extract was evaluated through the brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA). Bioactive compounds such as atropine, brucine, naringenin, caffeine, quercetin, maleic acid, saponin, glutathione and coumaric acid were detected in the ethanol extract through the HPLC analysis. The most abundant of EELES components is maleic acid (70.45 ppm), while the least abundant is atropine (3.05 ppm). Like the vitamin C C (58.06 ± 0.03 μg/mL), the EELES exhibited a noteworthy DPPH radical scavenging activity at a median inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 69.03 ± 0.03 μg/mL. Moreover, both EELES and methotrexate showed considerable cytotoxic activity on nauplii at IC50 of 30.08 ± 0.53 μg/mL and 0.93 ± 0.04 μg/mL, respectively. The study concluded that ethanol extract from L. egregia shoots contains various bioactive components with pharmacological relevance and exhibits antioxidant and cytotoxic properties, making them a promising source of new cancer drugs.
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