Identification and Characterization of Phytochemicals in Ethanol Leaf-extracts of Phyllanthus reticulatus and Anthocleista djalonesis
Keywords:
Phytochemicals, bioactive, compounds, gas-chromatography, mass-spectroscopy, characterization.Abstract
The study was carried out to identify and characterize the phytochemicals in ethanol leaf-extracts of Phyllanthus reticulatus and Anthocleista djalonensis. The crude extracts were prepared by soaking 350 g of pulverized sample of each plant into a 1000 mL of absolute ethanol and allowed for 48 hours. The mixtures were then filtered and the extracts concentrated with rotary evaporator. Basic phytochemicals were analyzed and the profiles of the bioactive components were further characterized using Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). The results of the phytochemical contents revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, phenols, cardiac glycosides, tannins, anthocyanins and terpenoids at different concentrations. The GC-MS chromatograms of the two extracts showed several peaks indicating the occurrence of bioactive compounds in P. reticulatus and A. djalonensis respectively. Among the bioactive compounds detected in P. reticulatus extract, 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid (13.001%), was most abundant, followed by ethyl 9,12,15-octadecatrienoate (12.049 %), n-hexadecanoic acid (9.828 %) and tocopherol (5.599 %). Similarly, the major compounds found in A. djalonensis extract are hexadecanoic acid (14.351 %), 9, 12,13-octadecatrienoic acid (14.313 %), pentadecanoic acid (12.820 %), oxazole (7.505 %), and linoleic acid (7.353 %). The results of the analysis suggest that Phyllanthus reticulatus and Anthocleista djalonensis contain many bioactive compounds which may be linked to their medicinal properties.
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