Exploring the Repellency Activity and the Effectiveness of Lower Concentrations of Certain Botanical Insecticides for the Control of Callosobruchus maculatus Fab
Keywords:
Azadirachtin, Myristicin, α-Humulene, Repellency, InsecticideAbstract
The adoption of plant-derived insecticides will advance if they deliver optimal activity at minimal concentrations. The aim of this study was to assess the repellency and insecticidal efficacy of lower concentrations of azadirachtin, myristicin, and α-humulene based insecticides against Callosobruchus maculatus (Bean beetle). Insect mortality and repellency tests were determined using standard procedures. Notably, optimal repellency was observed at the 6th hour of insect exposure to 100 μg/mL of each botanical insecticides. Furthermore, complete insect mortality (100.00 ± 0.00%) was achieved at the 96th hour following exposure to significantly low concentrations: 0.0015 μg/mL (azadirachtin), 0.0061 μg/mL (myristicin), and 0.0122 μg/mL (α-humulene). LC₅₀ values determined for the insecticides were 0.1 μg/mL for azadirachtin, 2.8 μg/mL for α-humulene, and 4.4 μg/mL for myristicin. These findings demonstrate that even at low concentrations, botanical insecticides can effectively manage C. maculatus, albeit over a prolonged exposure period, with azadirachtin emerging as the most potent among the tested compounds.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Ewa Ogbonnaya, Anigo K. Matthew, Shuaibu M. Bala, Aliyu Muhammad, Lucius J. Bamaiyi, Ibe U. Oluchukwu, Ebisintei Precious (Author)
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