Antioxidant Activity and Toxicological Implications of the Aqueous Extract of Azanza garckeana Fruit Pulp in Female Wistar Rats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4314/njbmb.v39i1.1Keywords:
Antioxidant activity; Azanza garckeana; Kidney functions; Liver function, Safety assessment.Abstract
This study aims to ascertain the antioxidant and safety of Azanza garckeana by ascertaining its acceptability and establishing the toxicological effects of the plant. Following the random distribution of 28 female Wistar rats (159.25 ± 3.32 g) into four groups (A - D) of seven animals each, a daily administration of 0.5 mL of distilled water was given orally to the rats in group A, while 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg body weight of A.garckeana fruit pulp extract were given orally to rats in groups B, C and D. Antioxidant activity and various parameters related to liver and kidney function were examined using standard methods. The results revealed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the levels of kidney catalase and superoxide dismutase while a significant decrease (p > 0.05) was noted in the kidney malondialdehyde and reduced-glutathione levels of kidney and liver. However, there were no significant differences in liver malondialdehyde and liver catalase in comparison to the control group. While most liver enzymes showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in response to extract administration, other liver function indicators, and certain liver enzymes were not significantly affected by the extract. Conversely, all kidney functions exhibited a significant increase succeeding extract administration, indicating potential effects on kidney function. This study suggests the safety profile of aqueous extract of the fruit pulp of A.garckeana on liver function at the investigated dosage. Yet, the extract appears to have a significant impact on kidney function, indicating a lack of nephroprotective properties.
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