Nephroprotective Effect of Ipomoea Cairica Leaf Extract against Cadmium-Induced Renal Damage
Keywords:
Renal injury; heavy metals; phytochemicals; cadmium; Ipomoea cairica; antioxidantAbstract
Cadmium is a toxic heavy metal whose presence has been reported in both children and adults. Accumulation of cadmium in the body can lead to kidney failure. Ipomoea cairica is one of the most underutilized medicinal plants in Nigeria, despite its numerous health benefits. This research investigated the nephroprotective effect of I. cairica leaf 80% methanolic extract against cadmium-induced renal damage. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of seven animals per group. Group I- control; group II- single intraperitoneal administration 35 mg/kg of cadmium chloride (CdCl2); III- orally administered 100 mg/kg I. cairica extract (ICE) for five days + 35 mg/kg CdCl2; IV- orally administered 250 mg/kg ICE + CdCl2. The results show that cadmium caused a significant increase in serum concentration of urea, creatinine, and uric acid, compared to the control. Furthermore, cadmium-induced oxidative stress was evident in the kidney tissue, with significant increase in MDA concentration, decrease in glutathione concentration, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione transferase activity. In conclusion, the results revealed that I. cairica is a good medicinal plant that can be used in maintaining renal function against oxidative stress-induced toxicants as treatment with ICE protected the kidney against cadmium intoxication.
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