Hypoglycemic and Antioxidant Potentials of Amaranthus caudatus Seed and Oil in Type-2 Induced Diabetes Model of Drosophila melanogaster
Keywords:
Phytochemicals, bioactive, compounds, gas-chromatography, mass-spectroscopy, characterization.Abstract
Amaranthus caudatus (A. caudatus) is a pseudo-cereal with potential therapeutic effects. The work aims to study the hypoglycaemic and antioxidant potentials of A. caudatus seeds in type 2 diabetes using Drosophila melanogaster model. Thirty (30) Drosophila melanogaster flies of 3 - days old were induced with type 2 diabetes using high sucrose diet prepared with 30% sucrose for 7 days. The flies were grouped into six of six flies each. Group A, positive control, fed on regular diet (non-diabetic); Group B, negative control (non-diabetic and untreated), Group C, positive control (induced and treated with standard drug), while Groups D, E and F were induced, and fed with 500 mg, 250 mg and 125 mg of A. caudatus seeds incorporated in a 5 g normal diet for seven days. The result obtained showed non-significant (P > 0.05) variation in negative geotaxis, bodyweight, and locomotion between non-diabetic and diabetic groups. On the other hand, glucose level was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in group D fed with 500 mg of A. caudatus seeds. Triacylglycerol level (TAG) showed non-significant difference (P > 0.05) between the control group and diabetic group treated with A. caudatus seeds. Furthermore, antioxidant activity on the extracted oil of A. caudatus seeds showed significant scavenging activity against the DPPH radicals. The antioxidant vitamins (A, C and E) were found to be 51.50 ± 0.7, 18.34 ± 0.2 and 95.93 ± 0.4 mg%, which are quite significant in A. caudatus seeds. Phytochemical analysis of the seeds residuals after oil extraction indicated the presence of Flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins. Similarly, proximate analysis revealed % Ash (3.35 ± 0.01 %), lipids (6.21 ± 0.02 %) and carbohydrate (76.09 ± 0.08 %) contents, respectively. The presences of these phytochemicals and antioxidants are associated with hypoglycemic effect. In conclusion, the novel findings are; ............
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