Effect of Ketogenic Diet on 7,12-Dimethylbenz(A)anthracene (Dmba)-Induced Breast Cancer in Female Wistar Rats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4314/njbmb.v40i1.10Keywords:
Breast cancer, Dimethylbenz-(A)-anthracene, Ketogenic diet, tumour markersAbstract
Cancer of the breast is known to affect women worldwide. Dietary patterns have been associated with increased risk of breast cancer and modification of diet may have a positive effect on the progression of cancer. The study investigated the effect of a ketogenic diet on the progression of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary cancer in female Wistar rats. Three different ketogenic diets were prepared using white rice, catfish and sunflower oil. Ketogenic diets A, 10% carbohydrate (CHO), B (20% CHO) and C (30% CHO) were fed to rats and after the confirmation of breast cancer. DMBA (15 mg/kg bw) was used to induce breast cancer in experimental rats. Administration of DMBA resulted in a significant (P ≤ 0.05) increase in the levels of cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) and a decrease in the levels of albumin, total protein, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), red blood cell count (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and platelet (PLT) compared to normal rats. Ketogenic diets at different concentrations significantly reduced the biochemical parameters assayed in a dose-dependent manner with diet A group showing significant (p ≤ 0.05) reduction in the levels of CA15-3, CEA, ALT, AST and ALP as well as bilirubin, TC, TG and LDL-c and significant (P ≤ 0.05) increase in HDL-c, SOD, GR, GPx, RBC. Therefore, the results suggest that the administration of the ketogenic diet (sunflower oil, catfish and rice) containing 10% carbohydrate could be beneficial in reducing the progression of breast cancer.
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